Dynamics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Mandovi and Zuari estuaries — A study through in situ and satellite data

Abstract

The spatial and temporal distribution of absorption of chromophoric dissolved organic matter at 440 nm (a sub (CDOM) (440)) in the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries situated along the west coast of India, has been analysed. The study was carried out using remotely sensed data, obtained from the Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) on board the Indian Remote Sensing satellite — P4, together with in situ data during the period January to December 2005. Satellite retrieval of CDOM absorption was carried out by applying an algorithm developed for the site. A good correlation (R=0.98) was obtained between satellite derived CDOM and in situ data. Time series analysis revealed that spatial distribution of CDOM has a direct link with the seasonal hydrodynamics of the estuaries. The effect of remnant fresh water on CDOM distribution could be analysed by delineating a plume in the offshore region of the Zuari estuary. Though fresh water flux from terrestrial input plays a major role in the distribution of CDOM throughout the Mandovi estuary, its role in the Zuari estuary is significant up to the middle zone. Other processes responsible for feeding CDOM in both the estuaries are coastal advection, in situ production and resuspension of bottom settled sediments. The highest value of a sub (CDOM)(440) was observed in the middle zone of the Mandovi estuary during the post-monsoon season. The relation between a sub (CDOM)(440) and S (spectral slope coefficient of CDOM) could differentiate CDOM introduced in to estuaries through multiple sources. The algorithm developed for the Mandovi estuary is S=0.003 [a sub (CDOM)(440)sup (-0.7091)] while for the Zuari estuary, S=0.0031 [a sub (CDOM)(440)sup (-0.777)], respectively.