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    Nitrate reducing activity pervades surface waters during upwelling.

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    J_Mar_Syst_137_35a.pdf (1017.Kb)
    Date
    2014
    Author
    Fernandes, S.O.
    Halarnekar, R.
    Malik, A.
    Vijayan, V.
    Varik, S.
    RituKumari
    Jineesh V.K.
    Gauns, M.
    Nair, S.
    LokaBharathi, P.A.
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    Abstract
    Nitrate reducing activity (NRA) is known to be mediated by microaerophilic to anaerobic bacteria and generally occurs in the sub-surface waters. However, we hypothesize that NRA could become prominent in the surface waters during upwelling. Hence, we examined nitrification and nitrate reduction along with hydrographic and environmental parameters off Trivandrum and Kochi, south-west-India in June 2010. Shoaling isolines of temperature, density, and nutrients revealed the onset of upwelling off Trivandrum. Shoaling of these signatures was absent in the northern transect off Kochi. The degree of nutrient consumption (DNC) was low emphasizing the presence of newly upwelled water off Trivandrum. A significant increase in NRA (df = 1, p b 0.05) was observed off Trivandrum than at Kochi. Moreover, as hypothesized, NRA at Trivandrum was pronounced at the surface with a maximum rate of 0.85 (±0.02) ~k mol L<sup>1</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> nearshore which was ~29× higher than that at Kochi. Further, an inverse relationship between NRA and NO<sub>-3</sub> concentration (n = 34, r = -0.415, p b 0.01) suggested transformation of the upwelled nutrient. Nitrification/NRA was ~10× lower at 0.28 off Trivandrum indicating a discernible shift towards reduction. Such contribution from bacterial activity could be a response towards restoration of homeostasis.
    URI
    http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/4540
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