Effect of submarine canyons on tsunami heights, currents and run-up off the southeast coast of India
Abstract
Tsunami numerical model studies are mostly focused on inundation and run-up onto the coast. Fewer studies have been aimed at investigating role of submarine canyons on the tsunami heights, currents and run-up. The influence of submarine canyons and ridges in the Palar-Cauvery region off southeast coast of India on the 2004 December Boxing Day tsunami is considered in this study. Numerical modeling was carried out to study tsunami heights and currents in the vicinity of the submarine canyons as well as the variation of tsunami heights at 10 m water depth. Comparisons between the tsunami wave energy density at 10 m depth and the onshore run-up height observations showed a good correlation for select locations, with the run-up heights being about 3% of the wave energy density. However, the local topography in the run-up zone also strongly influences the local run-up, which reduces direct correlations between run-up and nearshore tsunami height.
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