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    Nitrous oxide in the western Bay of Bengal

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    Mar_Chem_47_269.pdf (695Kb)
    Date
    1994
    Author
    Naqvi, S.W.A.
    Jayakumar, D.A.
    Nair, M.
    DileepKumar, M.
    George, M.D.
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    Abstract
    Extensive observations on nitrous oxide (N@d2@@O) in the atmosphere and waters of the western Bay of Bengal during March-April 1991 yield surface saturations and atmospheric fluxes ranging from 89.3 to 213.9% (mean 125.2%), and from 0.10 to 10.67 ~kmol (N@d2@@O)/m@u2@@/d (mean 0.65 ~kmol/m@u2@@'d), respectively. The overall N@d2@@O flux from the Bay of Bengal is estimated to be 0.027-0.077 Tg N/yr which is substantially lower than that computed for the Arabian Sea (0.19-0.28 Tg N/yr). Lower surface saturations and consequently smaller air-sea fluxes in the Bay of Bengal may result from strong stratification caused by the immense river runoff. The computed vertical exchange coefficient (0.16 cm@u2@@/s) at the top of the thermocline is about 1/3 of the corresponding value (0.55 cm@u2@@/s) in the Arabian Sea. The associated smaller nutrient fluxes to the euphotic zone may be significantly responsible for the lower productivity of the Bay of Bengal. As expected, marked accumulation of N@d2@@O occurs in subsurface layers of the Bay of Bengal with the total inventory of excess nitrous oxide (~nN@2@@O) estimated as ~5.4 Tg N. Since the Bay of Bengal is not an active water-column denitritification site, there appears to be no loss of N@d@@O through bacterial reduction. Vertical profiles of N@d2@@O are characterized by a pronounced maximum at ~ 200-300 m which intensifies northward. The N@d2@@O distribution seems to be influenced by the subsurface circulation. The relationship between ~nNd2@@O and the apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) is linear in three ranges: at AOU < 150 ~kM, from AOU ~- 150 ~kM to the N@d2@@O maximum (depth ~- 300 m), and at depths >~ 1000 m. Within the depth range ~ 300-1000 m, however, ~nN@d2@@O and AOU are not significantly correlated due to large changes in N@d2@@O concentrations associated with small varitions in the ambient oxygen levels
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    http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/7402
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