Chemical Ecology Driven Bioprospecting of Marine Sponges
Abstract
Sponges (phylum Porifera) are sessile benthic organisms, found in both fresh and saltwater. Marine sponges provide shelter to a great diversity of symbiotic organisms due to their sessile nature and high porosity of body structure. The studies of biosynthetic pathways in marine microbes, algae, and invertebrates often revealed biosynthetic strategies in marine organisms distinct from their terrestrial counterparts. Omega-3 fatty acids are famous for their health benefits and an essential dietary component as mammals are unable to produce these polyunsaturated fatty acids. Marine organisms, along with being dietary supplements, are also a rich source of potential pharmaceuticals and cosmoceuticals. The two different categories of chemicals produced by organisms are primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Infochemicals mediate communication with other organisms. They help in signaling larval settlement, alarming against possible dangers, and communicating with their symbionts.
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