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    Cost-effective copper nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of triarylmethane (TAM) dyes in direct seawater

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    Date
    2025
    Author
    Kaushik, R.
    Kumar, R.
    Thakur, A.
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    Abstract
    In recent years, the environmental impact of triarylmethane dyes (TAMs) has become an ever-increasing concern, as their widespread use in various industries has led to their persistent presence in wastewater, causing serious ecological and health hazards. Among the various approaches explored, the utilization of nanomaterials has shown great promise in mitigating the adverse effects of TAMs. In this manuscript, we thoroughly discussed the synthesis of Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA)-capped copper oxide nanoparticles (Cu2O NPs) and their application in photo-catalytic degradation of four TAMs, m-Cresol Purple (MCP), Cresol Red (CR), Bromocresol Green (BCG) and Crystal Violet (CV). The degradation of these TAMs was systematically investigated in the presence of Cu2O NPs, light, and co-catalyst (H2O2) in distilled water and seawater. The degradation efficiency was calculated as 89.88�% for MCP dye, 92.92�% for CR dye, 97.30�% for BCG dye and 93.32�% for CV dye in distilled water, whereas 93.20�% for MCP dye, 97.30�% for CR dye, 80.75�% for BCG dye and 98.28�% for CV dye in direct seawater, which showed the efficiency of Cu2O NPs as catalysts even in complex environmental samples. The rate constants were found to be 0.0273�min?1 for MCP dye, 0.0351�min?1 for CR dye and 0.0143�min?1 for BCG dye and 0.0376�min?1 for CV dye in distilled water, whereas 0.0329�min?1 for MCP dye, 0.0251�min?1 for CR dye, 0.0094�min?1 for BCG dye and 0.0287�min?1 for CV dye in direct seawater. Overall, our photocatalytic experiment result highlights the potential of Cu2O NPs as a promising candidate for the degradation of TAMs in distilled water and seawater. Their remarkable cost-effectiveness, high stability, efficient catalytic properties, quick degradation process, and easy synthesis make them a compelling solution to address the pressing environmental challenges posed by synthetic dye pollution caused by TAMs.
    URI
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2025.114809
    http://drs.nio.res.in/drs/handle/2264/9481
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