In vivo and in vitro exposures were used to investigate the genotoxicity of mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) to the marine snail, Planaxis sulcatus. The comet assay protocol was validated on gill cells exposed in vitro ...

Ecological risk assessment using multiple biomarkers produce a large amount of data that is hard to interpret and the result are often contradictory. In this context, Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index was used to ...

DNA damage and oxidative stress in marine gastropod Morula granulata was measured after in vivo exposure to four different concentrations (10, 25, 50, and 100 mikrog/L) of phenanthrene. Comet assay was used for measurement ...